The Nazis Next Door: How America Became a Safe Haven for Hitler's Men, by Eric Lichtblau
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The Nazis Next Door: How America Became a Safe Haven for Hitler's Men, by Eric Lichtblau
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"A captivating book rooted in first-rate research." — New York Times Book Review New York Times bestseller — Espionage category For the first time, once-secret government records and interviews tell the full story of the thousands of Nazis—from concentration camp guards to high-level officers in the Third Reich—who came to the United States after World War II and quietly settled into new lives. Many gained entry on their own as self-styled war “refugees.” But some had help from the U.S. government. The CIA, the FBI, and the military all put Hitler’s minions to work as spies, intelligence assets, and leading scientists and engineers, whitewashing their histories. Only years after their arrival did private sleuths and government prosecutors begin trying to identify the hidden Nazis. Now, relying on a trove of newly disclosed documents and scores of interviews, Eric Lichtblau reveals this shocking, shameful, and little-known chapter of postwar history. “Disturbing.” — Salon “Engaging.” — Chicago Tribune “A gripping chronicle.” — Times of Israel “Riveting . . . An important, fascinating read.” — Jewish Book Council
The Nazis Next Door: How America Became a Safe Haven for Hitler's Men, by Eric Lichtblau - Amazon Sales Rank: #360304 in Books
- Published on: 2015-10-06
- Released on: 2015-10-06
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 8.00" h x .78" w x 5.31" l, .55 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 304 pages
The Nazis Next Door: How America Became a Safe Haven for Hitler's Men, by Eric Lichtblau Review "Lichtblau brings ample investigative skills and an elegant writing style to this unsavory but important story. The Nazis Next Door is a captivating book rooted in first-rate research." —The New York Times Book Review "A fast paced, important book about the Justice Department’s efforts to bring Nazi war criminals in the US to justice that also uses recently declassified facts to expose the secret, reprehensible collaboration of US intelligence agencies with those very Nazis." — Elizabeth Holtzman, United States House of Representatives (former)
From the Back Cover New York Times bestseller — Espionage category For the first time, once-secret government records and interviews tell the full story of the thousands of Nazis—from concentration camp guards to high-level officers in the Third Reich—who came to the United States after World War II and quietly settled into new lives. Many gained entry on their own as self-styled war “refugees.” But some had help from the U.S. government. The CIA, the FBI, and the military all put Hitler’s minions to work as spies, intelligence assets, and leading scientists and engineers, whitewashing their histories. Only years after their arrival did private sleuths and government prosecutors begin trying to identify the hidden Nazis. Now, relying on a trove of newly disclosed documents and scores of interviews, Eric Lichtblau reveals this shocking, shameful, and little-known chapter of postwar history. “Disturbing.” — Salon “Engaging.” — Chicago Tribune “A gripping chronicle.” — Times of Israel “Riveting . . . An important, fascinating read.” — Jewish Book Council Eric Lichtblau is a New York Times investigative reporter in Washington. In 2006 he won a Pulitzer Prize for stories on the NSA’s secret wiretapping operations. He is the author of Bush’s Law: The Remaking of American Justice.
About the Author
ERIC LICHTBLAU is a Pulitzer Prize–winning investigative reporter in the Washington bureau of the New York Times and has written about legal, political, and national security issues in the capital since 1999. He was the co-recipient of the Pulitzer Prize in 2006 for his stories in the New York Times disclosing the existence of a secret wiretapping program approved by President George W. Bush after the 9/11 attacks. He was a reporter for the Los Angeles Times for fifteen years before joining the New York Times in 2002. A graduate of Cornell University, he is the author of Bush’s Law: The Remaking of American Justice, which one reviewer called “All the President’s Men for an Age of Terror.” In the course of research for The Nazis Next Door, he was a visiting fellow at the United States Holocaust Museum in Washington, DC. He lives outside Washington with his wife and children.
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105 of 113 people found the following review helpful. A Smoldering Fire By ck I have needed several weeks' distance from The Nazis Next Door: How America Became a Safe Haven for Hitler's Men to be able to write calmly enough to provide the following review. The reason for that is in part a reflection of the thorough, professional effort by Eric Lichtblau to detail the choices and actions of the U.S. government following World War II. I frankly do not understand how he was able to live with the process of gathering this material, conducting interviews, and writing this very necessary book.You likely are aware of at least some of the details of which Lichtblau writes, such as the contributions of German scientists to our country's efforts in space to meet the scientific/political goal of placing a man on the moon by the end of the 1960s; or the government's rabid fear and loathing of Communism, as evidenced in the post-WWII era by McCarthyism and the Cold War. There's also the more recent spate of identifying a handful of U.S. residents who have been brought to trial decades after their war crimes.However, what this book does is pull together a number of these threads -- with substantial detail -- and weave them into a stifling blanket of context. The resulting work is an implicit indictment of the choices some members of the U.S. government made that run counter to the tenets on which we like to think the social contract of our country exists.Certainly, most of us know at least a little about Sen. Joseph McCarthy's fear-mongering, and FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover's empire-building and actions that exceeded Bureau mandates. What may be new to you, as it was to me, is to have these and other lesser-known actions bound together and placed in context in a single volume.Be warned that this is not a simple or pleasant read. The research and writing are excellent, and complex and arcane bits of information are presented comprehensibly. The tension comes from the incomprehensibility of what took place, and for this reason you may need to give yourself permission to read this book in installments over several days' time. I found that I was able to cope with 50 to 60 pages at a time.
79 of 86 people found the following review helpful. "The Best and the Brightest" strike again! By Dienne Far too often people use the phrase "the best and the brightest" all too earnestly - we want the "best and brightest" scientists, politicians, business leaders, etc. to be making our nation's decisions and setting us on a wise course. Typically, these "best and brightest" come from our nation's "elite" colleges such as Harvard, Yale, Stanford or the University of Chicago.But when David Halbersham wrote his book with that title, he was using the term mockingly. It was the "best and brightest" who, in their infinite wisdom, got us into the quagmire of the Vietnam War. Our nation's supposedly finest minds, from the finest universities, were so removed from the reality on the ground and breathed such rarefied air that they simply couldn't see the reality on the ground. That same basic book, with variations for individual situations, could be written again and again to describe the muddles and disasters that our nation's "best and brightest" have gotten us into.Eric Lichtblau's latest book could be one of those books. Somehow, for almost unfathomable reasons, the elite minds at the CIA decided that former Nazis, even high-ranking ones with abominable war crimes records, would make good spies and informants against Soviet and other communist forces. The enemy of my enemy is my friend, I guess.Many people know about the German scientists of "Operation Paperclip", Wernher von Braun being the most famous, who were brought to the U.S. after World War II. It was believed (perhaps rightly, who knows?) that those German scientists held valuable scientific knowledge that could otherwise have fallen into Soviet hands. Many of these scientists were instrumental in getting America's space program off the ground, if you'll excuse the pun. And besides, we only allowed in those scientists who were lower-level functionaries, those who were Nazis in name only, removed from the horrors of the Holocaust, and those who regretted whatever minimal involvement they may, of necessity, have had with the Nazis. Or, well, so we were told.But what most Americans don't realize is just how many former Nazis the U.S. admitted to our shores (very often ahead of the Jews who continued to languish in the camps and who wandered stateless and dispossessed for years), how wide ranging and deep their involvement in Nazi atrocities was, how these ex-Nazis were used by the CIA, and the lengths the CIA and other government agencies went to cover for these men and white-wash their histories. By some estimates, perhaps 16,000 or more such ex Nazis and their Eastern European collaborators were recruited in Europe and eventually allowed into the U.S. There was apparently some effort to screen out the worst of the worst. The men were all extensively interviewed about their role during the war and their feelings afterwards. But little effort was made to investigate the men's stories or control for their distortions or lies.Lichtblau uses the threads of Tscherim "Tom" Soobzokov's life as a frame around to weave his narrative. Soobzokov was a brash, tough-talking New Jerseyite who had immigrated by way of the Middle East where he was tapped to work for the CIA recruiting fellow anti-communists such as himself. Before that, Soobzokov hailed from the Circassian region of Russia where during the war he had either aided and protected his fellow Circassians from Nazi abuses or participated in such abuses, depending on which story he was telling on which day, which in turn depended on what accusations he was responding to from whom. From the get-go, Soobzokov was a slippery, shady character, but for some reason, the CIA felt that his information about communists was valuable enough to not only let him into the country, but to set him up with some well-paying gigs. Eventually Soobzokov's past caught up with him and he became more of a liability than an asset to the CIA, so they cut ties. But always the consummate politician, Soobzokov knew how to leverage his connections with the agency and managed in the same fell stroke to embarrass not only the CIA but the Justice Department.But Lichtblau's work is much more far reaching than one pugnacious ex-Nazi. Lichtblau takes us through the sordid, but actual, history of the scientists of Operation Paperclip. He shows how such scientists were not only aware of the brutal and deadly slave labor that made their scientific advances possible, but that the scientists actively participated in such system. Wernher von Braun and his henchman Arthur Rudolph worked at the Mittelwork factory which was fed by labor from the Dora camp, housed in the fetid tunnels of the mountains itself. They saw the gaunt prisoners working under harsh conditions for a dozen or more hours a day; they knew of the deaths of the prisoners by the hundreds from disease and malnutrition; they requisitioned more laborers when their supplies were running low. Hubertus Strughold, the "father of space medicine" was known to have run his pressure and temperature experiments on Jewish prisoners. Such experiments contributed to the knowledge which enabled humans to survive in space. Yet both von Braun and Strughold were famed and celebrated. Von Braun had captivated Walt Disney who made a glowing hagiographic film about him, which Strughold had numerous awards and honors named after him.Lichtblau also chronicles the devoted - even obsessive - men who tracked down and tried to expose and expel these war criminals over a 40+ year period. Among the first was crazy, communist Chuck Allen who wrote voluminous pamphlets and articles published in communist publications and therefore ignored, even though his stories scooped major newspapers and even the Justice Department by at least a decade. Later, Tony DeVito, a retired cop turned INS agent caught Nazi-hunting fever when he stumbled on a case that seemed perhaps a little more significant that the usual dreary run of the mill immigration fraud case he normally handled. And finally men such as Eli Rosenbaum, Neal Sher and Allen Ryan at the Justice Department got into the act and brought the full weight of the U.S. government to bear (well, most of it, anyway).This book is a sweeping saga of the ins and outs and the rise and fall of the Nazi hunters and the Nazis they hunted. Otto von Bolshwing, Aleksandras Lileikis, John Demjanjuk (who may not have been "Ivan the Terrible", but was a darn good bag nonetheless), Karl Linnas, Kazys Gimzauskas, all hidden in plain sight for decades among legitimate war refugees, all protected and defended as "upstanding" citizens by their family, friends, community members and even the highest levels of government, including Ronald Reagan and Pat Buchanan. The Nazi hunters have petered out over the last decade or so, largely because their quarry have largely died off. But even still in 2014 one last lingering hidden Nazi was arrested at the ripe old age of 89.School children learn that the United States was the White Knight riding to the aid of beleaguered Western Europe and the savior of the Jews and other survivors of the horrors of Nazi Germany. But we have some horrors of our own that, unlike Germany's role in the Holocaust, have not been exposed to sunlight. Still, though, we keep trusting to the "best and brightest" to lead the way forward, even as we get into ill-advised wars and entanglements, even as we get caught torturing prisoners at Abu Ghraib and Guantanamo Bay, even as we send drones that kill women and children and create future enemies for generations to come, even as we spy on American citizens in the name of "national security". I would like to think that books like this would be read with an eye toward what we might do differently in the future, but I'm afraid that may be wishful thinking.
11 of 11 people found the following review helpful. Readable, Well-Researched Account of How Nazi War Criminals Relocated to U.S. and Prospered After WW II By Lynne E. Before reading THE NAZIS NEXT DOOR, I had no idea that literally thousands of former Nazis had relocated to the United States--and prospered--after World War II. Many of these were former Nazis who had been actively involved in planning and executing the wartime program for exterminating Jews, Gypsies, Russian prisoners of war, and other "undesirables.Some of the worst offenders (e.g., Soobsokov, von Bolschwing, Lileikis) were "sponsored" by the CIA. The immigration applications for these individuals were whitewashed because the CIA wanted these former Nazis' services as anti-Communist "assets" (spies) during the post-WWII Cold War. The CIA also imported many former Nazi scientists (e.g., Von Braun, Rudolph, Strughold) for their value to the U.S. missile program, and to keep their scientific knowledge out of Russian hands.All of this happened through the CIA's top-secret "Operation Paperclip" (although "ardent" Nazis were supposed to be banned from the program). The CIA simply looked the other way when informed about a particular applicant's involvement with the terrible slave labor conditions at V-2 rocket manufacturing sites, with the hideous medical experiments performed by doctors at concentration camps, or with the orders for execution of Jewish civilians that were issued by non-German Nazi collaborators.In addition, many thousands of "everyday SS personnel, war criminals and collaborators" relocated to the U.S. as ordinary "war refugees". They easily gamed the inept U.S. immigration system by submitting false documents, by finding U.S. relatives to vouch for them, by changing their names, or by accepting friendly advice from INS interviewers about certain things that were "better not mentioned" on their immigration applications.Eric Lichtblau tells the full story--of how this happened in the first place; of how the early U.S. Nazi hunters were ignored or had their activities monitored and suppressed by the CIA, FBI, and INS for many years; and of how the U.S. came to finally set up an Office of Special Investigations in the Justice Department to hunt down the worst Nazis, strip them of their naturalized citizenship, and deport them.This is a readable, well-researched, copiously footnoted account of the former Nazis in America. It's a good supplement to other recently-published books (e.g., Nazis on the Run: How Hitler's Henchmen Fled Justice) that describe what actually became of so many Nazi war criminals who escaped prosecution after WWII.
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